Q15 (c)

Criteria	Marks
Provides a thorough evaluation of how ONE significant person or school of thought, other than Muhammad and the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, provides direction for a meaningful life for Islamic adherents<br>Uses clear and relevant evidence to support the response<br>Integrates relevant and accurate terminology	7
Provides a sound evaluation of how ONE significant person or school of thought, other than Muhammad and the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, provides direction for a meaningful life for Islamic adherents<br>Uses relevant evidence to support the response<br>Integrates relevant terminology	5–6
Provides an explanation of how ONE significant person or school of thought, other than Muhammad and the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, provides direction for a meaningful life Islamic adherents<br>Uses relevant evidence in the response<br>Uses some terminology	3–4
Outlines how ONE significant person or school of thought, other than Muhammad and the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs, provides direction for Islamic adherents<br>May use evidence and/or terminology	2
Makes general statements about Islam	1

Answers could include:

• Al-Ghazali provided profound direction for Muslims significantly shaping their spiritual, ethical and intellectual lives.
• Al-Ghazali stressed that knowledge should be pursued as true knowledge which leads to spiritual and moral growth. It brings believers closer to God. His guidance led Muslims away from superficial religious practises toward a more authentic and transformative faith, where intellect and spirituality work in harmony.
• Al-Ghazali led a life of moral integrity embodying virtues like patience, humility and honesty. He discouraged hypocrisy and showed true moral behaviour comes from sincerity.
• Al-Ghazali helped Sufism gain greater acceptance in Islam, therefore making it more accessible for adherents to express their faith. Fostering a deeper connection to Allah through spiritual exercises, self-purification and following guidance from a Sufi master.
• Al-Ghazali emphasised that worship should be done with the utmost mindfulness and devotion. He exemplified this in his own prayer, fasting and acts of charity, striving for excellence (Ihsan) in every act – making it meaningful.
• Al-Ghazali’s concept of Sufism guides adherents to a path of spiritual enlightenment founded on Islamic tradition.