Biology

In the technique of genetic profiling, each DNA profile represents several loci (gene positions) on a pair of homologous chromosomes. DNA profiles for three animals of the same species are shown below.

At how many loci is Animal 2 homozygous?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4

In the technique of genetic profiling, each DNA profile represents several loci (gene positions) on a pair of homologous chromosomes. DNA profiles for three animals of the same species are shown below.

If Animal 1 mated with Animal 3 and produced a single offspring, the offspring
(A) Must be homozygous at locus A
(B) May be homozygous at locus D
(C) Could be either homozygous or heterozygous at locus C
(D) Must be heterozygous at locus E

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a vulnerable species of large cat, known for being the fastest land animal. Since the 19th century, it is estimated that the cheetah population has declined from 100,000 to approximately 8,000 cheetahs. The cheetah faces extinction due to climate change, hunting by humans and habitat destruction. They also have a low rate of reproductive success.

Explain how information gained through DNA profiling of cheetah populations can help direct efforts to conserve them.

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a vulnerable species of large cat, known for being the fastest land animal. Since the 19th century, it is estimated that the cheetah population has declined from 100,000 to approximately 8,000 cheetahs. The cheetah faces extinction due to climate change, hunting by humans and habitat destruction. They also have a low rate of reproductive success.
Describe how DNA profiling can be used to show genetic diversity within a population.

The following data show the results of a DNA profile of a family. What conclusion can be made from the analysis of these DNA fragments?
A. Both children are related to both parents.
B. Child I is related to the man but child II is not.
C. Both children are unrelated to either of the parents.
D. Child II is related to the man but child I is not.

The figure below represents an individual's karyotype.
With reference to the above diagram, describe the information that can be obtained from a karyotype.

The Amur leopard, Pantherea pardus orientalis are a subspecies of leopard only found in Russia and China. The Amur leopard has been listed as Critically Endangered with an estimated population of 100 individuals recorded in 2017. Breeding programs are used in zoological parks to help avoid extinction.
The gel electrophoresis shown below considers several DNA markers for a female Amur leopard and three potential mates from other zoos.
Justify the use of gel electrophoresis in selecting the pair of Amur leopards, from this captive population, that you would recommend for breeding. Support your answer with reference to the data.